Mark A. R. Kleiman

CURRENT ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS

School Of Public Affairs, UCLA

Professor of Public Policy

Director, Drug Policy Analysis Program

Co-Director, Jacob Marschak Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Mathematics in the Social Sciences

Course Titles: Introduction to Public Policy, Rational Policy Toward Imperfectly Rational Behavior, Policy Analysis, Applied Policy Analysis, Drug Abuse Control Policy, Crime Control Policy.

Current Research Interests: deterrence; community corrections; applications of models of imperfect rationality to public decision-making; drug abuse control policy; illicit market economics; crime control; punishment as a social resource to be produced and allocated.

Center for American Progress

Adjunct Scholar

OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIMINOLOGY

COMMITTEE MEMBER

BOTEC ANALYSIS CORPORATION (CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)

CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD

JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY ANALYSIS

EDITOR

PEW CHARITABLE TRUSTS

CONSULTANT ON PUBLIC SAFETY PERFORMANCE PROJECT

REFEREE FOR:
Addiction, American Journal of Public Health, Applications & Methods, California Policy Research Center, Cambridge University Press, Criminal Justice Review, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Economic Inquiry, Journal of the American Medical Association, Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Journal of Health Politics, Policy & Law, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, Industrial Relations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Milbank Quarterly, MIT Press, Optimal Control, Oxford University Press, Policy Studies Journal, Review of Economics and Statistics, Zeitshrift fur Nationalokonomie, Proceedings of National Academy of Science.

WEBLOG

THE REALITY-BASED COMMUNITY (HTTP://www.samefacts.org)

PRIOR ACADEMIC AFFILIATIONS

SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND

thomas C. Schelling Visiting Professor, Fall 2006

Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government

Associate Professor of Public Policy, 1992-1996.

Lecturer in Public Policy, 1987-1992

Courses in policy analysis, analytic methods, moral and political philosophy, applied microeconomics, crime control, and drug policy.

University of Rochester

Visiting Senior Lecturer in Public Policy, 1985-86.

Courses in policy analysis, drug policy, and political philosophy.

government and business EXPERIENCE

Office of Policy and Management Analysis, Criminal Division,

United States Department of Justice

Director, 1982-1983.

Managed a group of eleven professionals (plus support staff) working on policy and management studies and on the development and use of information systems.

Associate Director for Drug Enforcement Programs, 1979-1982.

Analyzed the impact of drug law enforcement strategies on the structure and operations of the illicit drug industry, and proposed changes in enforcement organization, strategy, and operations to minimize the social cost of drug trafficking given limited enforcement resources. Examples of major projects:

City of Boston--Office of Management and Budget

Deputy Director for Management, 1978-1979.

Director of Program Analysis, 1977-1978.

Managed a group of five professionals (plus support staff) performing analytic work on resource-allocation decisions and providing management assistance to operating agencies.

Polaroid Corporation

Special Assistant to Edwin H. Land, Chairman of the Board, 1975-1976.

Developed, from crude operating data, a profit maximization model to evaluate decisions about pricing, capital allocation, and marketing expenditures. Analyzed the effects of corporate structure and interpersonal relations on decision-making and operations.

U.S. House of Representatives

Legislative Assistant to Rep. Les Aspin, 1974-1975.

Advised the Congressman on energy, environmental, and economic issues. Drafted the first legislation to regulate fluorocarbon (Freon) emissions, proposing a market-simulating auction system, and did extensive analyses of the breeder reactor development program and of the risks and benefits of recycling the plutonium contained in spent nuclear reactor fuel.

education

Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Cambridge, MA

Ph.D. in Public Policy, June 1985.

Thesis title: Allocating Federal Drug Enforcement Resources: The Case of Marijuana.

Master of Public Policy, June 1977.

Haverford College, Haverford, PA

Bachelor of Arts, magna cum laude, June 1972.

Major fields: Economics (honors), Philosophy (honors), Political Science (high honors). Phi Beta Kappa.

honors

School of Public Policy , University of Maryland

thomas C. Schelling Visiting Professor, Fall 2006

UCLA’s Public Affairs Society Undergraduate Teaching Award, 2006

Publications

BOOKS

When Brute Force Fails: How to Have Less Crime and Less Punishment,, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.

When Brute Force Fails: Strategy for Crime Control, Princeton University Press (forthcoming, 2009)

Against Excess: Drug Policy for Results; New York: Basic Books, 1992 (Received the Aaron Wildavsky Book Award, Policy Studies Organization, 1993)

Marijuana: Costs of Abuse, Costs of Control; Greenwich, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1989.

WEBLOG

The Reality Based Community: http://www.samefacts.org/

PAPERS, JOURNAL ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERS

Drug Policy

“Managing Drug Involved Probationers with Swift and Certain Sanctions: Evaluating Hawaii’s HOPE” (with Angela Hawken), Technical Report submitted to the National Institute of Justice, December, 2009.

“The Minimum Legal Drinking Age: “Leaving it to the States vs. Uniformity at a Lower Age,” in Natasha A. Frost, Joshua D. Freilich, and Todd R. Clear eds., Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Policy: Policy Proposals from the American Society of Criminology Conference, Cengage Learning Inc., November, 2009.

“Advice for the New Drug Czar,” The American Prospect, published online February 12, 2009.

“Drug Policy in Principle, and in Practice,” reaction essay in Cato Unbound, published online September 15, 2008.

“An Administrative Remedy for the Crack Mandatory Sentencing Problem,” Journal of Drug Policy Analysis, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Article 3, 2008.

“Drugs and Drug Policies in the United States,” (with Jonathan P. Caulkins), in Understanding America, Peter H. Schuck and James Q. Wilson eds, Public Affairs.

“Alcohol As A ‘Drug’: A Moral Revolution,” Addiction 102 (8), 1189–1189, 2007.

“Dopey, Boozy, Smokey---and Stupid,” The American Interest, Vol. II, No. 3, pp.79-91, January/February 2007. (Link: http://www.the-american-interest.com/ai2/article.cfm?Id=224&MId=7)

“Prohibition: a rum do,” Druglink, Vol. 22, Issue 4, pp. 14-15, July/August 2006.

“Drug Policies to Minimize Aggregate Harm,” prepared for The Beckley Foundation, Global Drug Policy: Future Directions, London , England Fall, 2005.

“Flying Blind on Drug Control Policy,” Issues in Science and Technology, Vol. XX, No. 4, Summer 2004. (Link: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3622/is_200407/ai_n9419137)

“Toward (More Nearly) Optimal Sentencing for Drug Offenders,” Criminology & Public Policy, Vol. 3, No. 3, July, 2004.

“Reducing the Contribution of the Drug Problem to Violence in El Salvador ,” prepared for Sociedad sin Violencia, A Project of the United Nations Development Program, San Salvador , El Salvador .

“Costs and Benefits of Immunotherapies or Depot Medications for the Treatment of Drug Abuse,” in Henrick J. Harwood and Tracy G. Meyers, eds., New Treatments for Addiction: Behavioral, Ethical, Legal and Social Questions, National Research Council and Institute of Medicine , Committee on Immunotherapies and Sustained-Release Medications for Treating Drug Addiction, [ Washington , DC : The National Academies Press], 2004.

“The ‘Brain Disease’ Idea, Drug Policy, and Research Ethics,” Addiction, Vol. 98, pp. 871-874, 2003.

“Breaking The Drug-Crime link” (with David A. Boyum), The Public Interest, No. 152, pp. 19-38, Summer 2003. (Link: http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~maccoun/BoyumKleiman2003.html )

“Lessons of the ‘War’ on Drugs for the ‘War’ on Terrorism,” (with Jonathan P. Caulkins and Peter Reuter), in Arnold Howitt and Robyn Pangi eds., Countering Terrorism Dimensions of Preparedness, MIT Press, 2003.

“ Drug Court Can Work. Would Something Else Work Better?,” Criminology & Public Policy, Vol. 2, No. 2, March 2003. (Link: http://www.criminologyandpublicpolicy.com/search/introKleimanEditorial.php )

“Present at the Creation: Jerome Jaff and Harol Hughes,” in Griffin Edwards ed., Addiction: Evolution of a Specialist Field, [Oxford: Blackwell Publishing], 2002.

“Who Benefits from Better Drug Treatment?,” Prepared for Join Together, 2002.

“Illicit Drugs and the Terrorist Threat: Causal Links and Policy Implications,” report prepared for the Congressional Research Service, 2002. (Link: http://www.fas.org/irp/crs/RL32334.pdf )

“Opportunities and Barriers in Probation Reform: A Case Study of Drug Testing and Sanctions,” (with Thomas H. Tran, Paul Fishbein, Maria-Teresa Magula, Warren Allen and Gareth Lacy), Detailed Research Findings, California Policy Research Center , 2003 .

“Opportunities and Barriers in Probation Reform: A Case Study of Drug Testing and Sanctions,” (with Thomas H. Tran, Paul Fishbein, Maria-Teresa Magula, Warren Allen and Gareth Lacy), CPRC Brief, California Policy Research Center , Vol. 14, No. 4, June 2002.

“Controlling Drug-Related Violence,” prepared for Sociedad sin Violencia, A Project of the United Nations Development Program, San Salvador , El Salvador .

“Considerations on Sentencing for Drug Offenders,” Georgia Governor’s Commission on Certainty in Sentencing), The Sentencing Guideline, Vol. 4, Issue 2, July 2002.

“Use and Abuse of Science in Drug Abuse Control Policy,” in Jonathan B. Imber ed., Searching for Science Policy, [New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers], 2002.

“Science, Politics, and the Public Health,” Society, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 11-16, May/June 2002. (Link: http://www.spa.ucla.edu/faculty/kleiman/science)

““The ‘War on Terror’and the ‘War on Drugs’: A Comparison,” (with Jonathan P. Caulkins and Peter Reuter), Federation of American Scientists Public Interest Report, March/April 2002.

“Towards Practical Drug Control Policies,” Social Research, Vol. 68, No. 3, Fall 2001. (Link: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2267/is_3_68/ai_80310021)

“User Sanctions and Supply Control,” prepared for National Research Council’s Dissemination Workshop on Informing America’s Policy on Illegal Drugs, October 2001. (Link: http://www.spa.ucla.edu/ps/webfiles/faculty/kleiman/undersanctions.pdfhttp:/www.spa.ucla.edu/ps/webfiles/faculty/kleiman/undersanctions.pdf

“Statement of the Drug Policy Project of the Federation of American Scientists to the U.S. Sentencing Commission,” comment on the Proposed Changes to MDMA (“Ecstasy”) Penalties, 2001.

“Controlling Drug Use and Crime Among Drug-Involved Offenders: Testing, Sanctions, and Treatment,” in Philip H. Heymann and William N. Brownsberger eds. Drug Addiction and Drug Policy, Harvard University Press, 2001.

“Drug Testing in Criminal Justice Settings,” (with Adele Harrell), in C. Leukefeld and F. Tims eds. Clinical and Policy Responses to Drug Offenders, Springer Publishin g Co., 2001.

“Noticing the Micro-Distributional Consequences of Cigarette Taxation and its Equivalents,” (with Jonathan Caulkins), Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 337-348, Spring 2001. (Link: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/79502514/PDFSTART )

“Science and Drug Abuse Control Policy,” Society, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 7-12, May/June 2001.

“Principles for Practical Drug Policies: The Case for a Slow Fix,” [ London : The Prison Reform Trust], 1999.

“Economic cost measurements, damage minimization and drug abuse control policy,” Addiction, Vol. 94, No. 5, pp. 638-641, May 1999.

“Addiction, Rationality, Behavior and Measures: Some Comments on the Problems of Integrating Econometric and Behavioral Economic Research,” in Frank J. Chaloupka, Warren K. Bickel, Michael Grossman, and Henry Saffer, eds., The Economic Analysis of Substance Use and Abuse: An Integration of Econometric and Behavioral Economic Research, [ Chicago : The University of Chicago Press], National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

“Middle Ground,” UCLA Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 3, December, 1998. (Link: http://www.magazine.ucla.edu/year1998/winter98_01.html)

“Drug Policy for Crime Control,” Policy Options, Vol. 19, No. 8, October 1998. (Link: http://www.irpp.org/po/archive/oct98/kleiman.pdf)

“Drugs and Drug Policy: The Case for a Slow Fix,” Issues in Science and Technology, Vol. XV, No. 1, Fall 1998. (Link: http://www.issues.org/15.1/kleiman.htm )

“Controlling Drug Use and Crime Among California’s Drug-Involved Offenders: Testing, Sanctions, and Treatment,” in California Policy Options 1998, The School of Public Policy and Social Research, University of California, and the University of California Anderson Forecast, 1998. (Link: http://www.spa.ucla.edu/faculty/kleiman/Controlling_Drug_Use.pdf)

“Repeat Drunk Driving Intermediate Sanctions and Secure Facility Feasibility Project” with Kate Biebel, Christopher Ferragamo, Michael Forcier and Carol Williams, BOTEC Analysis Corporation, Prepared for the Office of Community Corrections, July 30, 1998.

“The Proposed ‘Global Settlement’ of Tobacco Litigation: A Policy Analysis,” Working Paper, Institute for Legal Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison Law School, Madison, Wisconsin, February 1998. (Link: http://www.spa.ucla.edu/faculty/kleiman/Tobacco Litigation.pdf)

“Principles for Practical Drug Policies,” Proceedings of the 3^rd European Conference on Rehabilitation and Drug Policy, Europe Against Drug Abuse, Oslo, Norway, January 1998.

“Corporate Policies Toward Employee Substance Abuse: A Bottom-Line Analysis,” HARRT Quarterly, University of California Los Angeles, Summer 1997.

“Reducing the Prevalence of Cocaine and Heroin Dealing Among Adolescents,” Valparaiso University Law Review, Vol. 31, No. 2, May 1997.

“Coerced Abstinence: A Neo-Paternalistic Drug Policy Initiative,” in Lawrence A. Mead, ed., The New Paternalism, Brookings Institution Press, 1997.

“Thoughts on the Medical Cannabis Issue,” Drug Policy Analysis Bulletin, No. 2, May 1997.

“Methamphetamine Returns,” (with Sally Satel), Drug Policy Analysis Bulletin, No. 1, January 1997. (Link: http://www.fas.org/drugs/issue1.html )

"Managing Drug-Involved Offenders, " Drug Policy Analsysis Bulletin, No. 1, January 1997.

“The Medical Use of Marijuana: The Case for Clinical Trials,” (with Richard Doblin), Journal of Addictive Diseases, Vol. 14 (1), 1995.

"The Factors of Production in Retail Drug Dealing," (with Rebecca M. Young), Urban Affairs Review (formerly the Urban Affairs Quarterly), Vol. 30, No. 5, May 1995.

“Breaking the Cycle: Direct Demand Reduction in the Criminal Justice System,” (with Jenny W. Rudolph), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, April 1995.

“Evaluation of the Multnomah County Drug Testing and Evaluation Program,” (with David P. Cavanagh, Adele Harrell and Merle Frank), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, February 1995.

“Beyond the Drug-Free Workplace: Substance Abuse Policy for Industry,” Working Paper Series #94-01-23, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, April 1994.

“Marijuana Situation Assessment,” (with Andrew Lockwood Chalsma and David A. Boyum), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, 1994.

“Alcohol and Other Drugs” (with David A. Boyum), in James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia eds., Crime and Public Policy, Institute for Contemporary Studies, [San Francisco: ICS Press], 1994.

“Reorganizing Federal Drug Law Enforcement,” (Testimony before the House Judiciary Committee), Working Paper Series #93-01-23, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1993.

“Measuring Heroin Availability: A Demonstration,” (with Ann Marie Rocheleau), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, January 1993.

“Drug Abuse Control Policy: Libertarian, Authoritarian, Liberal and Communitarian Perspectives,” The Responsive Community, Winter 1992/93.

“Controlling Drug Use and Crime by Drug-Involved Offenders: Drug Testing and Treatment in the Criminal Justice System,” (with Jenny W. Rudolph), paper prepared for the Working Group of State Drug Control Executives, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 1992.

“Taxes, Regulations, and Prohibitions: Reformulating the Legalization Debate,” (with Aaron Saiger), in Peter H. Smith ed., Drug Policy in the Americas, Westview Press, 1992.

“Neither Prohibition Nor Legalization: Grudging Toleration in Drug Control Policy,” Daedalus, Summer 1992.

“Heroin Policy for the Next Decade,” (with Jonathan P. Caulkins) The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 521, May 1992.

“Heroin Situation Assessment,” (with David A. Boyum, Jonathan Caulkins, Karen Model, David P. Cavanagh, Merle Frank) BOTEC Analysis Corporation, January 1992.

“The Optimal Design of Drug-Control Laws,” in Melvyn B. Krauss and Edward P. Lazear eds., Searching for Alternatives: Drug Policy in the United States, Hoover Institution Press, 1991.

“Marijuana as Antiemetic Medicine: A Survey of Oncologists’ Experience and Attitudes,” (with Richard Doblin), Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 9, No. 7, July 1991. (Link: http://www.drugpolicy.org/library/mmjdobl.cfm).

“Modeling Drug Markets: Overview,” John F. Kennedy School of Government, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1991.

“Drug Legalization: The Importance of Asking the Right Question” (with Aaron J. Saiger), Hofstra Law Review, Vol. 18, No. 3, Spring 1990.

"State and Local Drug Enforcement: In Search of a Strategy," (with Kerry D. Smith), in Michael Tonry and Norval Morris eds., Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, Vol. 12, 1990.

“Drug Abuse in Jackson County, Missouri: Problem Assessment and Recommendations,” (with Merle Frank, Sarah Chayes and Jessie Reiber), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, December 1990.

“Should Some Illegal Drugs Be Legalized?” Issues in Science and Technology, Vol. 6, No. 4, Summer 1990.

“Cost Benefit Analysis of Prison Cell Construction and Alternative Sanctions,” (with David P. Cavanagh), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, Prepared for the National Institute of Justice, June 19, 1990.

"Heroin Crackdowns in Two Massachusetts Cities: Executive Summary," Working Paper #89-01-15, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts., March 28 1989.

"Heroin Crackdowns in Two Massachusetts Cities," (with Christopher E. Putala, Rebecca M. Young, and David P. Cavanagh), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, 1989.

"Crackdowns: The Effects of Intensive Enforcement on Retail Heroin Dealing," in Marcia R. Chaiken ed., Street Level Drug Enforcement: Examining the Issues, National Institute of Justice, 1988.

"Organized Crime and Drug Abuse Control," in Herbert Edelhertz ed., Major Issues in Organized Crime Control, Northwest Policy Studies Center, Bellevue, Wash., 1987.

"A Drug Enforcement Program for Santa Cruz County," (with Mary Ellen Lawrence and Aaron Saiger), Working Paper #88-01-13, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, August 5 1987.

"Drug Abuse Control Policy," Working Paper #88-01-12, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts., August 5 1987.

"Making and Evaluating Drug Abuse Policies," (Testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee.) Working Paper #87-01-05, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts., June 1987.

"Vice Policy in Liberal Society," Nova Law Journal, Vol. 11, No. 3, Spring 1987.

"The Changing Face of Cocaine," (Report to the Ford Foundation.), Working Paper #87-01-07, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., January 1987.

"Survey Research and Drug Enforcement Policy," Working Paper #87-01-04, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, January 1987.

"Risks and Prices: An Economic Analysis of Drug Enforcement," (with Peter Reuter), Crime and Justice, Vol. 7, 1986.

"Bringing Back Street-Level Heroin Enforcement,"(Commissioned by the National Research Council), Working Paper #86-01-08, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 14 1986.

"Data and Analysis Requirements for Policy toward Drug Enforcement and Organized Crime Control," published as Appendix G of America's Habit: Drug Abuse, Drug Trafficking, and Organized Crime, President's Commission on Organized Crime, April 1986. (Link: http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:u1vdQenM-DsJ:www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/govpubs/amhab/amhabc9.htm+%22Data+and+Analysis+Requirements+for+Policy+toward+Drug+Enforcement+and+Organized+Crime+Control,%22++&hl=en)

"Regulating Psychoactive and Abusable Drugs: The Issue of Abuse Potential Testing," (with Mark Moore, Christopher Putala, David Burmaster, Susanna Ginsburg, and David Hsia), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, January 1986.

"High on Numbers: The Mythical Domestic Marijuana Crop," paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, October 1985.

"Drug Enforcement and Organized Crime," in Alexander and Caiden eds., The Politics and Economics of Organized Crime, [Lexington: Lexington Books], 1984.

"Report to the District Attorney for Essex County: Evaluation of the Lynn Drug Task Force," (with William Holland and Christopher Hayes), Working Paper #84-01-03, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts., October 1984.

PAPERS, JOURNAL ARTICLES AND bOOK CHAPTERS

Crime Control

“The Outpatient Prison,” The American Interest, Vol. V, No. 4, pp. 45-51, Spring 2010.

“Drugs, Crime and Public Policy,”(with David A. Boyum and Jonathan P. Caulkins), in Crime and Public Policy, James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia eds., Oxford University Press (forthcoming.)

“Drugs and Crime,” (with Jonathan P. Caulkins), in Handbook of Crimes and Punishment, Michael Tonry ed., Oxford University Press (forthcoming).

“Toward Fewer Prisoners and Less Crime,” Daedalus on “Mass Incarceration” Glenn Loury and Bruce Western, eds. (forthcoming Summer 2010).

“How Health Care Reform Could Combat Crime,” Newsweek, published online September 12, 2009

“Jail Break,” Washington Monthly, pp. 56 – 60, July/August 2009.

“The Dynamics of Deterrence,” (with Beau Kilmer), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, No. 34, pp. 14230-14235, August 25, 2009.

"Fixing the Parole System," (with Angela Hawkins), Issues in Science and Technology, pp. 45-52, Summer 2008.

H.O.P.E. for Reform", (with Angela Hawken), The American Prospect On-line, April 10, 2007

"The Dynamics of Deterrence," prepared for 28th Annual APPAM Research Conference, Madison, Wisconsin, November, 2006

“When Brute Force Fails: Strategy for Crime Control,”Final report to the National Institute of Justice, 2005 .

“An Outcome-Oriented Look at Firearms Policies,” in Philip J. Cook and Jens Ludwig eds., Evaluating Gun Policy: Effects on Crime and Violence, [Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press], 2003.

“The False ID Problem,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 283- 286, Spring 2002.

“Stop the Revolving Door,” Blueprint, September/October 2002. (Link: http://www.ndol.org/print.cfm?contentid=250880 )

“Military Tribunals for Accused Terrorists: Procedure, Policy Analysis, and Politics,” prepared for the Spring Meeting of the Commercial and Federal Litigation Section of the New York State Bar Association, February, 2002.

"Substance Abuse Policy from a Crime-Control Perspective," (with David A. Boyum), in James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia, eds., Crime: Public Policies for Crime Control, [Oakland: ICS Press], 2002

“Escape from America’s Prison Policy,” (with Steven M. Teles), The American Prospect, Vol. 11, No. 20, September 11, 2000.

Crime Control Policy in California,” California Policy Options 2000, The School of Public Policy and Social Research, University of California and the University of California Anderson Forecast, 2000.

“Getting Deterrence Right: Applying Tipping Models and Behavioral Economics to the Problems of Crime Control,” Perspectives on Crime and Justice: 1998-1999 Lecture Series, National Institute of Justice, Vol. 3, November 1999.

“Community Corrections as the Front Line in Crime Control,” UCLA Law Review, Vol. 46, No. 6, August 1999.

“The New Front Line: Converting Probation into a Serious Crimefighting Tool,” The New Democrat, Vol. 11, No. 4, July/August 1999.

“The Ambiguities of Harm Reduction in Crime and Drug Policy,” in Edward L. Rubin, ed., Minimizing Harm: A New Crime Policy for Modern America, Westview Press, 1999.

“Crime Policy: Challenge and Opportunities,” in Crime Policy for the 21^st Century, National Institute of Justice , Washington D.C. , 1999.

“Commentary on Skolnick: The Ambiguities of Harm Reduction in Crime and Drug Policy,” in Edward L. Rubin, ed., Minimizing Harm as a Goal for Crime Policy in California, Berkeley, California, California Policy Seminar, 1997.

“Criminal Justice in Massachusetts: Putting Crime Control First,” (with six co-authors), Massachusetts Institute for a New Commonwealth, 1996.

“Understanding and Controlling Homicide in San Juan,” (with four co-authors), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, October 1996.

“Organized Crime and Drug Abuse Control,” in Robert J. Kelly , Ko-Lin Chin and Rufus Schatzberg eds., Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States, [Westport, CT: Greenwood Press], 1994.

“Enforcement Swamping: A Positive-Feedback Mechanism in Rates of Illicit Activity,” Mathematical & Computer Modeling, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 65-75, January 1993.

“Assessment and Recommendations: Violent Criminal Apprehension Program,” (with Merle Frank and David P. Cavanagh), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, October 1992.

"A Cost Benefit Analysis of Prison Cell Construction and Alternative Sanctions," (with David P. Cavanagh), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, June 1990.

"Imprisonment-to-Offense Ratios," (with Kerry D. Smith, Richard A. Rogers, and David P. Cavanagh), BOTEC Analysis Corporation, August 1988.

"The Punishment Deficit and the Prosecutor's Job," (Report to the Prosecutors' Executive Session.) Working Paper #87-02-01, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 1987.

"The Cost of Punishment and the Price of Crime," (Presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, October 1983.) Working Paper #85-06-01, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, October 1983.

Methods of Policy Analysis

“Dueling Failures: Comparative Institutional Analysis and the Logic of Policy Choice,” (with Steve M. Teles), in Robert Goodin, Michael Moran, and Martin Rein eds., Oxford University Press Handbook of Public Policy, 2006 .

Health

“Drinking Water Treatment: Balancing Infectious Disease, Cancer and Cost,” (with Ra’anana Levin), in Stuart S. Nagel ed., The Substance of Public Policy, [Huntington: Nova Science Publishers Inc], 1999.

“The Swine Flu Decision: An Analytic Summary,” Case Program #C18-96-1320.0, Kennedy School of Government , Harvard University , 1996.

“Assessing Needle Exchange: The Limits of Benefit Cost Analysis”, (with Jenny W. Rudolph), paper commissioned by the National Research Council Panel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution, Working Paper #94-04-18, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 1994..

"AIDS, Vice, and Public Policy," Law and Contemporary Problems, Vol. 51, No. 1, Winter 1988.

"AIDS and Heroin: Strategies for Control," (with Richard W. Mockler), The Urban Institute, Washington, DC., October 1988.

"With This Test I Thee Wed: Evaluating Premarital AIDS Testing," (with Richard W. Mockler), Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 7, No. 3, Spring 1988.

"AIDS, the Criminal Justice System and Civil Liberties," (with Richard W. Mockler), Governance, Harvard Journal of Public Policy, Summer-Fall 1987.

"The AIDS Epidemic and the Criminal Justice System: Developing a Policy Agenda," Working Paper #87-04-01, Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Cambridge, Massachusetts, December 8 1986.